Computer

Derek McAuley is professor of Digital Economy at University of Nottingham’s School of Computer Science. Main “Security of Data on Disk” film: http://youtu.be/4SSSMi4X_mA http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran’s Numberphile. See the full list of Brady’s video projects at: http://bit.ly/bradychannels

An Apple I was discovered in a pile of electronics. It sold for $200,000, but why so valuable? Dr Steve Bagley talks about this seminal machine. Little Mac with a Big Bite: https://youtu.be/NMlbUCAOEXw Building the BBC Micro: https://youtu.be/y4WG549i3YY Altair 8800: https://youtu.be/6LYRgrqJgDc Apple I schematics available: http://bit.ly/1Q4yJJc http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and

We rely on computers day-to-day, for most of us they are no longer just a luxury. What does it mean from a philosophical view-point; to live in the age of Hyper History? Luciano Floridi is Professor of Philosophy and UNESCO Chair in Information and Computer Ethics at the University of Hertfordshire, and Fellow of St

A search engine can return thousands of web pages, but how does it know whether they are relevant or not? First step is how to measure relevance, as Dr Max Wilson explains. Search Engine Page Rank: https://youtu.be/v7n7wZhHJj8 How Search Engines Treat Data: https://youtu.be/vrjAIBgxm_w Industrial Light-Field Magic: https://youtu.be/ZIfn2Ocy9RU $5 Computer – Raspberry Pi Zero: https://youtu.be/WR0ghM3U0M4 Why

Uncomputable through to finite state – Professor Brailsford explains Chomsky’s hierarchy. Turing and the Halting Problem: https://youtu.be/macM_MtS_w4 “Most Difficult Program” – Ackermann Function: http://youtu.be/i7sm9dzFtEI Busy Beaver Turing Machines: https://youtu.be/CE8UhcyJS0I Finite State Automata: https://youtu.be/vhiiia1_hC4 Reverse Polish & The Stack: https://youtu.be/7ha78yWRDlE Programming in Postscript: https://youtu.be/S_NXz7I5dQc Professor Brailsford’s Notes: http://bit.ly/computerphile_Chomsky Professor Brailsford’s t-shirt kindly supplied by Peleg Bar

This giant robot arm (usually seen on the factory floor) is being used to research the effects of in flight comfort for the VR Hyperspace project. Many thanks to Dr Florian Soyka of the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics for showing us their Cyber Motion Simulator. Public Key Cryptography: http://youtu.be/GSIDS_lvRv4 How Computer Memory Works:

Big Data does not equate to Big Knowledge – unless you use data analysis. This is part 0 of the Data Analysis Learning Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba This Learning Playlist was designed by Dr Mercedes Torres-Torres & Dr Michael Pound of the University of Nottingham Computer Science Department. Find out more about Computer Science at Nottingham here:

When you relocate a robot, how does it work out where it is? Dr Ayse Kucukyilmaz explains how there’s uncertainty at every turn. https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: https://bit.ly/nottscomputer Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran’s Numberphile. More at

When your computer crashes and you lose everything it’s annoying at best – What if you could fix it with blu tack? Jason Fitzpatrick from The Centre for Computing History on drawbacks of the Sinclair ZX81 People’s Computer: Sinclair ZX81 : https://youtu.be/SFAWHB2BKOg Steve Furber on BBC Micro: https://youtu.be/y4WG549i3YY Colossus & Bletchley Park: https://youtu.be/9HH-asvLAj4 Rob Miles

Squash-Pong needs a ball and a paddle – Dr Isaac Triguero continues the PyGame mini-series. Watch part 11 before it goes live: https://youtu.be/VyrAVNoEf0g Thorsten & Isaac’s Python programming book: https://bit.ly/2p3r5IT https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed by Sean Riley and Isaac Triguero and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of

Professor Brailsford on why Goto is frowned upon, and yes, we didn’t mention Dijkstra this time. Note – the Japanese characters for Eiichi Goto’s name should read: 後藤英一 Dijkstra’s Algorithm: https://youtu.be/GazC3A4OQTE https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: https://bit.ly/nottscomputer Computerphile is a

The ‘Swiss Army Knife’ of data structures, Professor Brian Kernighan talks about the associative array with beer & pizza. EXTRA BITS: https://youtu.be/H8k-I4Azbk8 “Code” Books: https://youtu.be/6v6wdK2EbIQ Many thanks to Microsoft Research UK for their support with the ‘Essentials’ mini-series. http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the

Check out today’s sponsor Fasthosts for all of your UK web hosting needs: https://www.fasthosts.co.uk/computerphile Hello World on the Sega Megadrive/Genesis – its quite an involved process to write Hello World on a machine that doesn’t even have an operating system. Matt Phillips, of Big Evil Corp demostrates the ‘wonky R’ More from Matt: https://bit.ly/C_BEC Thanks

When bitcoin is spent, remainders are re-encoded & combined – how do you separate out any ill-gotten gains from the legitimate hard-earned lucre? Outlining his team’s solution: Professor Ross Anderson of the Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge. NB comments disabled purely due to huge amounts of spam. Why Bitcoin isn’t cash: Coming Soon Elliptic Curve

GPT-2, the Language model that shocked the world with its entirely fictitious story about the unicorns inhabiting a secret South American valley. Rob Miles explains More on GPT-2: Coming Soon More from Rob Miles: http://bit.ly/Rob_Miles_YouTube Thanks to Nottingham Hackspace for providing the filming location: http://bit.ly/notthack https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited

Arguably the first personal computer, the Altair 8800 is the machine that inspired Steve Jobs and Bill Gates. Jason Fitzpatrick from the Centre for Computing History explains. THIS VIDEO WITHOUT HIGH PITCHED WHINE: https://youtu.be/6LYRgrqJgDc Holy Grail of AI: https://youtu.be/tlS5Y2vm02c Altair 8800 Extra Bits: https://youtu.be/NzCB9-Njdsc Nuggets of Data Gold: https://youtu.be/Zel2NCKej50 Sinclair ZX81: COMING SOON http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets

The second part of Dr Isaac Triguero’s walkthrough of creating a Pong-like game in Python, using PyGame. Part 00 : https://youtu.be/JRLdbt7vK-E Part 10 : https://youtu.be/Nk3Och0I4ZY Thorsten & Isaac’s Python programming book: https://bit.ly/2p3r5IT https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed by Sean Riley and Isaac Triguero and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the

The famous computer game Pong re-imagined as a visceral fiery experience. Matthew and Ian built ‘Rule Zero’ for EMF camp, most people call it ‘Fire Pong’ Fire Pong / Rule Zero in detail: https://youtu.be/ZoZMMg1r_Oc Google Deep Dream: https://youtu.be/BsSmBPmPeYQ FPS & Digital Video: https://youtu.be/yniSnYtkrwQ Password Cracking: https://youtu.be/7U-RbOKanYs Fire Pong / Rule Zero Documentation: http://bit.ly/firedocs Fire Pong

Exponential growth is a term that’s used a lot, but our intuition can play tricks on understanding it. Dr Tim Muller takes us through some examples that demonstrate just how quickly things get out of hand. https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of

When Sun added network abilities to a messaging feature, one user managed to contact more people than he’d bargained for. Dr Julian Onions takes us through the rwall incident of 1987. https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: https://bit.ly/nottscomputer Computerphile is a

Continuing our look at historic computers that feature in the book Ready Player One, Jason from Centre for Computing History shows us the TRS80 Centre for Computing History behind the scenes: https://youtu.be/nCAMMKsbEvw Centre for Computing History’s “Retro Tech Archive” Channel: http://www.bit.ly/C_RTA Centre for Computing History: http://www.bit.ly/C_ComputerMuseum https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and

Professor Brailsford returns to the subject of why Colossus was built. The professor’s notes: http://www.eprg.org/computerphile/lorenz-combined.pdf Bletchley Park Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckrSWWIDJ_3To7ro5-naSk8v Professor Brailsford used the book “Colossus” by B. Jack Copeland and others (Oxford University Press, 2006). Also recommended are chapters 18 and 19 from : “The Bletchley Park Codebreakers” by R. Erskine and M. Smith (eds.)

Professor Brailsford on why he’s updating his OS and Hardware while in isolation (with remote support from Dr Bagley) EXTRA BITS (Sean & the Prof chatting about all sorts!) : https://youtu.be/DzTQEXtuWGU Contact Tracing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgIg90cFRVw The Great 202 Jailbreak: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVxeuwlvf8w https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed by Professor Brailsford & Sean Riley and edited

Pointers are an essential element of computing. Dr Steve Bagley explains how everything rests on pointers. Password Cracking: https://youtu.be/7U-RbOKanYs Loops vs Recursion: https://youtu.be/HXNhEYqFo0o Many thanks to Microsoft Research UK for their support with the ‘Essentials’ mini-series. http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of

Which triangles should be in front and which should be behind? The problems computers face when collapsing 3D graphics down to 2 dimensions. Graphics series with John Chapman: 1/ Universe of Triangles : http://youtu.be/KdyvizaygyY 2/ Power of the Matrix : http://youtu.be/vQ60rFwh2ig 3/ Triangles to Pixels : http://youtu.be/aweqeMxDnu4 4/ Visibility Problem : http://youtu.be/OODzTMcGDD0 5/ Lights and

Audible Free Book: http://www.audible.com/computerphile Three or four laws to make robots and AI safe – should be simple right? Rob Miles on why these simple laws are so complicated. Silicon Brain: 1,000,000 ARM Cores: https://youtu.be/2e06C-yUwlc Chip & PIN Fraud: https://youtu.be/Ks0SOn8hjG8 AI Worst Case Scenario – Deadly Truth of AI: https://youtu.be/tcdVC4e6EV4 The Singularity & Friendly AI:

The only viable alternative to AES? Dr Mike Pound unravels the clever ChaCha cipher. https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: https://bit.ly/nottscomputer Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran’s Numberphile. More at http://www.bradyharan.com

Watch Part 3: https://youtu.be/E6vtRm5M8I0 https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: https://bit.ly/nottscomputer Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran’s Numberphile. More at http://www.bradyharan.com

Search Engines are a bit like the Public Library – You wouldn’t wander around hoping to find the book you want, there’s a system in place. Data is the same – Dr. Max Wilson Explains. http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham:

Deleting files may not mean they’re gone. Even overwriting them isn’t safe. Professor Derek McAuley explains. EXTRA BITS – more on Flash/SSD: http://youtu.be/HQWFCDN9VZI Punch Card Programming: http://youtu.be/KG2M4ttzBnY http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: http://bit.ly/nottscomputer Thanks to Richard Faulkner for the photo

We haven’t got time to label things, so can we let the computers work it out for themselves? Professor Uwe Aickelin explains supervised and un-supervised methods of machine learning. Silicon Brain: 1,000,000 ARM Cores: https://youtu.be/2e06C-yUwlc Brian Kerninghan on Bell Labs: https://youtu.be/QFK6RG47bww Could We Ban Encryption?: https://youtu.be/ShUyfk4QB-8 Computer That Changed Everything – Altair 8800: https://youtu.be/6LYRgrqJgDc http://www.facebook.com/computerphile

Finite State Automata meets Recursion. Professor Brailsford continues the story of computers without memory. State Machines versus Chomsky Type 3 Chomsky’s Hierarchy: https://youtu.be/224plb3bCog Finite State Automata: https://youtu.be/vhiiia1_hC4 3D Rock Art Scanner: https://youtu.be/Ahdnkj77rAY AI Safety: https://youtu.be/IB1OvoCNnWY The Professor’s Notes: http://bit.ly/computerphile_identifier http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at

The Raspberry Pi made waves when it was announced, but what is it? How is it built and what can you do with it? Matt Lloyd, IoT engineer at Ciseco and member of Nottingham’s Hackspace talks it through. http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computerphile is a sister

What is data? Dr Mike Pound begins to formalise this much used word. This is part 1 of the Data Analysis Learning Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba This Learning Playlist was designed by Dr Mercedes Torres-Torres & Dr Michael Pound of the University of Nottingham Computer Science Department. Find out more about Computer Science at Nottingham here: https://bit.ly/2IqwtNg

We all rely on sat nav systems, but how do they work? Here to discuss is Steve Fuller of GRACE (Geospatial Research and Applications Centre of Excellence) at Nottingham Geospatial Institute EXTRA BITS: More on GPS and Satellite Navigation: https://youtu.be/3tmo23gZBf4 http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science

How far have we come with Artificial Intelligence? Are there intelligent machines, or have we changed the world to allow dumb machines to behave intelligently? Luciano Floridi is Professor of Philosophy and Ethics of Information at the University of Oxford. He is Senior Research Fellow at the Oxford Internet Institute and Fellow of St Cross

The psychic paper in the TV show “Doctor Who” displays whatever the Doctor needs it to show at any given time. The Java vulnerability Neil Madden exposed is a digital version of this. Dr Mike Pound explains. Neil Madden’s blog: https://neilmadden.blog/2022/04/19/psychic-signatures-in-java https://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer

Extra material from our main film “Building the BBC Micro” : https://youtu.be/y4WG549i3YY http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science at the University of Nottingham: http://bit.ly/nottscomputer Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran’s Numberphile. More at http://www.bradyharan.com

Taking a solemn oath to promise never to write a program that analyses other programs? – That’s how Professor Brailsford felt when he first understood undecidability. Latest in our series on the History of Undecidability Undecidability Tangent (History of Undecidability Part 1): http://youtu.be/nsZsd5qtbo4 Barber & Russell Paradoxes (History of Undecidability Part 2): http://youtu.be/FK3kifY-geM Turing &

Audible free book: http://www.audible.com/computerphile Basic logic gates explained and all the different ways they can be drawn and represented. Professor Brailsford takes us through the AND, OR & NOT logical operations. 3d X-Ray Images : http://youtu.be/Qrl__J4vYok Hill Climbing Algorithm & Artificial Intelligence: http://youtu.be/oSdPmxRCWws Binary Addition & Overflow: http://youtu.be/WN8i5cwjkSE How Computer Memory Works: http://youtu.be/XETZoRYdtkw Easter Egg:

10% off at Squarespace: http://squarespace.com/computerphile If not for Apple, the company making ARM processors might never have existed and ARM could have disappeared with Acorn. Professor Steve Furber explains why. Computer That Changed Everything: https://youtu.be/6LYRgrqJgDc Face Recognition: COMING SOON Deadly Truth of General AI: https://youtu.be/tcdVC4e6EV4 http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited

Abstraction is at the heart of everything to do with computing. James Clewett takes us through the layers abstracting the pixels forming this text on screen from the electrons in the computer. http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computerphile is a sister project to Brady Haran’s Numberphile. See

Audible free book: http://www.audible.com/computerphile How do we go from 3D representations within a computer to pixels on a screen? John Chapman has the details! John Chapman is a graphics programmer who blogs here: http://www.john-chapman.net Graphics series with John Chapman: 1/ Universe of Triangles : http://youtu.be/KdyvizaygyY 2/ Power of the Matrix : http://youtu.be/vQ60rFwh2ig 3/ Triangles to

What’s the absolute minimum you can compress data to? – Entropy conjures up visions of chemistry and physics, but how does it apply to binary codes and computer science? Professor David Brailsford continues his discussion of compression. Addendum: the formula at 4:40 is the “weighted average bits for that state” rather than the total number

IP addresses explained – what do these mysterious numbers and dots mean and how are they used? Richard Mortier explains the idea of the addresses behind the internet protocol. Network Address Translation (NAT): https://youtu.be/01ajHxPLxAw Quick Sort: http://youtu.be/XE4VP_8Y0BU Get Sorted: http://youtu.be/kgBjXUE_Nwc http://www.facebook.com/computerphile Tweets by computer_phile This video was filmed and edited by Sean Riley. Computer Science